A mixed-method study on antimicrobial resistance infection drivers in neonatal intensive care units: pathways, risks, and solutions

This study evaluates antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) at Felege Hiwot Hospital. Out of 420 samples, 35% tested positive for AMR pathogens, with Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter spp. being the most prevalent. Resistance rates for Gentamicin, Cotrimoxazole, and Ciprofloxacin were alarmingly high, while Amikacin demonstrated low resistance. Risk factors such as improper PPE use, non-functional handwashing sinks, and inadequate disinfection practices were strongly associated with microbial contamination. Amikacin shows promise as an effective treatment for CONS.